ELISA產品選擇指南

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;">ELISA<font face="宋體">方法從</font><font face="Calibri">1970</font><font face="宋體">年代發展到現在，已經是一項實驗室基本的免疫檢測技術，廣泛的應用于基礎研究。</font></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);"><strong><span style="font-family: 宋體; font-size: 9pt;">1.&nbsp;<font face="宋體">試劑盒特異性</font></span></strong></span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;">ELISA<font face="宋體">試劑盒的特異性與試劑盒的關鍵組分</font><font face="Calibri">--</font><font face="宋體">抗體對有關，若抗體對中之一為多抗，另一個必須為單抗，建議使用雙單抗。在選擇市面上的試劑盒時，最好先閱讀相關產品的說明書，了解試劑盒的特異性和交叉反應性。</font></span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;">&nbsp;</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);"><strong><span style="font-family: 宋體; font-size: 9pt;">2.<font face="宋體">靈敏度和檢測范圍</font><font face="Calibri">&nbsp;&nbsp;</font></span></strong></span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><font face="宋體">靈敏度反映的是試劑盒檢出被檢物質的最低限，用戶可根據自己樣本中待檢指標的量選擇合適的試劑盒，如果待檢指標水平很低，一般的試劑盒不能滿足要求，可選擇高敏的</font>ELISA<font face="宋體">試劑盒。如果待檢指標的濃度高于試劑盒標準曲線的最高值，則需要適當倍數稀釋樣本，計算結果時，乘以相應的系數倍數即可，如果樣本中待檢指標含量較低，一般不建議再做稀釋。</font><font face="Calibri">&nbsp;</font></span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;">&nbsp;</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);"><strong><span style="font-family: 宋體; font-size: 9pt;">3.&nbsp;<font face="宋體">重復性</font></span></strong></span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><font face="宋體">科學實驗講求重復性，一般</font>ELISA<font face="宋體">試劑盒，其板內和板間變異系數應該控制在</font><font face="Calibri">15%</font><font face="宋體">以內。在選擇試劑盒時，要通過閱讀相應的說明書或電話咨詢廠家試劑盒的相關技術參數。</font></span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;">&nbsp;</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);"><strong><span style="font-family: 宋體; font-size: 9pt;">4.&nbsp;<font face="宋體">經濟性</font><font face="Calibri">&nbsp;</font></span></strong></span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><font face="宋體">對于選擇進口品牌的試劑盒還是國產品牌的試劑盒，可根據實驗室課題經費以及各品牌的產品質量和美譽度來自行選擇。國際知名品牌一般質量可靠，文獻引用多。建議大家通過閱讀</font>SCI<font face="宋體">文獻，了解同行所使用的品牌。但國際品牌由于進口和國際運輸等成本較高，因此售價也較高。國產品牌，</font><font face="Calibri">&nbsp;</font><font face="宋體">因省去不少物流和報關費用，與國外進口試劑盒相比價格上有比較大的優惠，而且能提供比較靈活的包裝規格</font><font face="Calibri">,&nbsp;</font><font face="宋體">如</font><font face="Calibri">48tests</font><font face="宋體">小包裝。</font><font face="Calibri">&nbsp;</font></span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;">&nbsp;</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);"><strong><span style="font-family: 宋體; font-size: 9pt;">5.&nbsp;<font face="宋體">美譽度</font></span></strong></span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><font face="宋體">不論選擇國際品牌還是國產品牌，都要注意產品的質量、知名度和美譽度。不是說所有的國外品牌質量都可靠，有些國際品牌其實是</font>OEM<font face="宋體">貼牌的，質量不一定有保障。還有一些公司提供的試劑盒，就更不靠譜了，相關指標的抗體，找遍全球都沒有，如何開發出相應的</font><font face="Calibri">ELISA</font><font face="宋體">試劑盒呢？</font><font face="Calibri">&nbsp;</font><font face="宋體">所以對于新手而言，一定要謹慎選擇。比較可靠的國際品牌如美國的</font><font face="Calibri">R&amp;D&nbsp;systems(</font><font face="宋體">細胞因子等</font><font face="Calibri">),&nbsp;eBioscience&nbsp;</font><font face="宋體">（細胞因子等）</font><font face="Calibri">(</font><font face="宋體">現被</font><font face="Calibri">Affymetrxi</font><font face="宋體">收購</font><font face="Calibri">),&nbsp;Caymanchem(</font><font face="宋體">主要為競爭法</font><font face="Calibri">EIA</font><font face="宋體">檢測小分子物質</font><font face="Calibri">)。</font></span></p>